She said there were around 50 women staying in the shelter for various reasons. There was no separate section for victims of domestic violence. She said that she saw, several times, the shelter personnel beat residents, especially those who had mental health problems or physical disabilities. One time she saw a staff member slapping a woman with physical disabilities because she had urinated in her pants.
The shelter staff were rude and would often scream at the residents, she said. She also said that she asked several times for a diaper for her baby but they gave it to her hours later, while her baby cried the entire time.
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She also said that the shelter provided its residents with no training, instruction, or other recreational activities. Instead they made the women spend their days cleaning the rooms. They said that almost none of these services provided by NGOs receive government funding or material support and several said that these NGOs struggle to provide services. Balsam, a network of NGOs working on domestic violence, listed in its report nine associations that have a counseling center, where women can obtain preliminary legal and psychological advice.
Human Rights Watch also visited two centers providing legal and psychological support for women. Largely dependent on donor support, these centers are scarce, underfunded, and concentrated in urban areas. In all these centers, women are usually allowed to stay for several months, together with their children. The multi-service shelters provide legal advice, psychological counseling, and training and educational opportunities.
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Some learned about the shelters from public awareness campaigns run by the NGOs on state television and radio. Human Rights Watch spoke with several survivors of domestic violence in these centers. Everyone praised the refuge, help, and support they received. Several told Human Rights Watch that their stay helped them to feel secure and confident enough to file a criminal complaint or apply for a divorce.
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The UN Handbook for Legislation on Violence against Women recommends that states introduce legal reform that mandates such support and services, and that states ensure funding for them. The UN Handbook for Legislation on Violence against Women recommends that survivors have access to financial assistance, such as through trust funds or social assistance programs. The police are usually the first contact that the victims of domestic violence have with state institutions.
Under the Algerian Code of Criminal Procedures, the judicial police, under the supervision of the public prosecutor, is in charge of establishing violations of the penal code, gathering evidence and identifying the culprits, until the decision to open an investigation into the case is made by the prosecutor or the investigative judge. In 15 of the 20 cases Human Rights Watch examined, the dismissive attitude of the police constituted an obstacle to filing complaints.
In these cases, the women said that the police discouraged them, in various ways, from filing a complaint, or that they seemed to conduct little follow-up, if any, after registering their complaints. Neither the police nor prosecutors made onsite visits to identify and interview witnesses, including neighbors who in several cases intervened and helped the women.
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Such accounts suggest a need for legislation or policies that spell out the way such complaints should be handled. Salwa, whose story appears at the start of this report, had endured years of mistreatment by her husband. She said following the last bout of violence in , in which he lacerated her breasts, she ran to a hospital, where members of the police guarding the hospital took her inside. At the emergency unit, they gave her first aid but told her she could not stay at the hospital. Not knowing where to go, Salwa returned to the police at the hospital, who took her to the police station downtown.
She said she had visible bruises and her face was swollen from the beatings. When she was well enough to go out again, she went to the police to ask about her complaint. Ramla is a year-old mother of four from Blida. She used to work as a cleaner in a bank. Married in , she got divorced in She said that her husband started beating her two weeks after they got married. He pulled her by her hair, and beat her on her arms and back with his belt. This often occurred when he came home drunk. She said he forced her to give him all of her salary.
Ramla said she finally decided to divorce him after a particularly severe beating in February Her husband had asked her to go to the bank to withdraw money for him. When she returned, he insulted her for not withdrawing enough. She said he took an iron rod and beat her on her back, including near her kidneys. She said the neighbors intervened when they heard her cries and walked her to the police station of the third district in Blida.
She said she was bleeding and could barely walk. When the policeman there saw her, he asked her who did this to her. She said it was her husband. She said the officer walked out of the commissariat, stopped a passing car, and asked the driver to take her to the hospital. She said the policeman did not do anything more. When she went to complain to the police station the following day, the same policeman took her statement.
However, she never heard from the police again.
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She said the police did not go back to her house to investigate, interrogate her husband, or interview her neighbors. She said she filed a request for divorce in May based on a unilateral request procedure and got divorced almost a year later. Mariem, from Blida, is 36 years old. She said she grew up in a poor family and got married at 26 years old, in , to a man she loved. She said the problems started in June when she was pregnant for the third time.
He wanted to throw her out of the house.
When she resisted, he punched her in the face and pushed her out. She said she had no money or documents with her. A neighbor accompanied Mariem to the hospital. The forensic doctor gave her a medical certificate prescribing ten days of rest. She then went to the police station to file a complaint. She gave the policemen the certificate, and told them that her husband threw her out of the house. She said she went to stay with her brother, who helped her find a lawyer.
She obtained it on October 28, from the first instance court in Blida. Hasna, is a year-old mother of four from a middle-class family in Oran. She said she married ten years ago and stopped working shortly after getting married. When she became pregnant for the first time, her husband did not want the child.
She said that on several occasions he grabbed her by her arms and shoved her. A year following their marriage she gave birth to their first daughter. The violence continued year after year. In September , he asked her to leave the house and go live with her parents. When she refused, he grabbed her and threw her against the wall, slapped her, and punched her in the face.
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She said she escaped the house and ran outside in her pajamas. She approached the first policeman she saw on the street, in tears.
The policeman told her he could not do anything and that she had to go to the police station. He gave her money for a taxi, and she went to the police station. In March , they argued in the car parked in the parking lot in front of their house, in front of two of their older children. She said she was wearing sunglasses, he slapped her on the face and the sunglasses injured her in her temples.