The largest bay on the Brazilian coast , the Bay of All Saints Bahia de Todos os Santos has a large number of islands with tropical beaches and vegetation. The bay offers various leisure options, with hundreds of vessels of all different types, especially saveiros, schooners, motor boats, jet ski that criss-cross its crystalline waters on maritime excursions to the islands, and boat races.
Events and sport activities occur throughout the year, beginning on 1 January, with the Procession of Bom Jesus dos Navegantes greeting the New Year. All Saints' has also been traditionally the venue for rowing contests at the Enseada dos Tainheiros, in Salvador and now the bay is included in the routes of the great international regattas , such as the Ralley Les Iles du Soleil, regatta Hong Kong Challenge and the Expo 98 Round the World Rally, which consider the bay an important stop along the route.
The islands of the bay are a separate attraction. Some are privately owned, others were declared a state heritage and transformed into Environmental Protection Areas or ecological stations. Other islands are the patrimony of 12 municipalities located around the bay.
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Only a few are uninhabited and many have small communities where the natives live on fishing and tourism. All have common characteristics, such a calm sea, dense vegetation, especially coconuts and bananas , as well as vestiges of the Atlantic Forest. The name of the area refers to the cultivation of the palm oil , or Elaeis guineensis , likely imported from West Africa. It is connected to Salvador and the southern part of the state by ferryboats and the BA highway, the second ecological highway along the Bahian coast, which connects the southern coastline and the extreme southern part of the state.
Along the southern coast of Bahia, the Cacao Coast preserves ecological sanctuaries with dozens of kilometers of beaches shaded by dense coconut groves, the Atlantic Forest , large areas of wetland vegetation and cacao plantations. Walking along paths in the forest or along the beaches, horseback riding along the coast, boat trips up the vast number of rivers are some of the options that the region offers.
Highway BA links the municipalities, nearly always bordering the coastline. The Discovery Coast preserves, virtually intact, the landscape seen by the Portuguese fleet described in the first pages of the history of Brazil. Over land and sea the excursions are always associated with nature, and there are various types of water sports, walks, trips on horseback, surfing and deep sea diving.
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Recife de Fora, Coroa Alta and Trancoso for one day schooner excursions. The Abrolhos archipelago in the extreme southern part of Bahia is an ecotourism attraction for diving and whale watching. Whales are frequent between July and November. This region contains one of the largest concentrations of fish, in terms of volume and variety, per square meter on the planet. There are thousands of kilometers of clear waters that spring from these mountains and descend in cascades and waterfalls to plateaus and plains, forming natural pools. The vegetation mixes cactus species of the caatinga dry lands with rare examples of the mountain flora , especially bromeliads , orchids and "sempre vivas" member of the strawflower family.
There are opportunities to take long bikes and to travel on horseback, mountain bike , or off-road vehicles. The city and surrounding captaincy served as the administrative capital of Portugal's colonies in the Americas until It remains the religious capital of Brazil's Roman Catholic hierarchy, with its archbishop serving as the national primate. Salvador holds the country's oldest cathedral and first medical college, as well as the highest number of churches per capita of any Brazilian state capital.
Bahia's captaincy was the first to fail, with its lands reverting to the Portuguese crown in Bahia was a center of sugarcane cultivation from the 16th to the 18th centuries and contains a number of historic towns, such as Cachoeira , dating from this era. Integral to the sugar economy was the importation of a vast number of African slaves : more than a third of all slaves taken from Africa were sent to Brazil, mostly to be processed in Bahia before being sent to work in plantations elsewhere in the country.
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The state was the last area of the country to join the Empire of Brazil , as members in the local elite remained loyal to the Portuguese crown after the rest of the country proclaimed independence under Pedro I on 7 September Under the name Bahia Independence Day, this date vies in local importance with Brazilian Independence Day , which commemorates Pedro's 7 September proclamation. Charles Darwin visited Bahia in on his famous voyage on the Beagle. The revolt is particularly notable as the greatest slave rebellion in the history of the Americas.
The Workers' Party achieved the governorship in and has held it ever since, in four successive elections , , , and Religion in Bahia [8] [9].
According to IBGE data of , there were 14,, people residing in the state. The population density was Urban population: Historically, the population was estimated at 1. The crime rate in Bahia is statistically higher than in another Brazilian states in the region and far more than the south region of the country that is considered the safest region in the nation.
Gun violence in the state more than doubled in the period from to , ranking 1st of the 26 states of Brazil murders. Bahia is the most important tourist center in the Northeast and the 2nd in the country as they are famous for their lands. By its natural and historic-cultural attractions, Bahia presents an enormous potential for the development of the tourist activity.
Owner of the biggest portion of seacoast of the country and of singular views in its interior, Bahia possesses specific cultural, folklore and religious characteristics, manifest in its extensive calendar of popular festivities, in its architectonic patrimony and in its typical food. Salvador , with its Historical Center registered by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site and with its coast clipped into many beaches and dozens of islands, has a varied receptive infrastructure, composed of hostelry units of which 20 are of international standard hotels and 25 thousand beds, further to restaurants, bars, nightclubs, shopping malls, theaters, crafts centers, Convention and Fairs Center, rental agencies, tourist agencies, and other equipment and services.
In the last few years, the State Government promoted the total restoration of the Pelourinho , the largest group of colonial Iberian baroque style buildings in Latin America, today transformed into an important point for visitation by tourists. As the chief locus of the early Brazilian slave trade, Bahia is considered to possess the greatest and most distinctive African imprint, in terms of culture and customs, in Brazil.
Bahia is the birthplace of many noted Brazilian artists, writers and musicians. Additionally, groups such as Chiclete com Banana also are based in Bahia. The first well-known rock'n roll singer in Brazil was also from Bahia. Born Raul Seixas , he was known as "Maluco Beleza" or "Peaceful Lunatic" being "beleza beauty " in this manner means to be either "in peace" or "tranquil".
One of Brazil's most prominent writers of the 20th century, Jorge Amado , was born in the southeastern Bahian city of Itabuna , and resided for many years in Salvador. Fine examples of his work are visible in the Afro-Brazilian Museum in Salvador. The first is the oldest circuit. It is also where the event's most traditional groups parade.
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In , Bahia comprised 4. The industrial sector is the largest component of GDP at Agriculture represents Bahia exports: chemicals In addition to important agricultural and industrial sectors, the state also has considerable mineral and petroleum deposits. In recent years, soy cultivation has increased substantially in the state. Bahia is the sixth largest economy in the country. During the colonial and imperial periods , Bahia was a center of Brazilian sugarcane production and slave trading. In the 19th century, the Bay of All Saints was also a whaling spot, as some species of whales used the bay as a mating ground.
For ten years, this dynamic was led by the cocoa crop, that used to be the state's main product and its most important source of income.
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With the acceleration of the industrialisation process in the s, which started in the s, the productive structure began to change. This process, which was not limited to the regional market, was inserted in the Brazilian industry matrix through the chemical specially petrochemical and metallurgical segment. Consequently, for the last twenty years, it grew more than the national average, due to the fact that the state was previously below the average level. The industrial sector is the main contributor to this growth, when the investments that was being made was in the chemical, petrochemical and automotive segment, and in agroindustry and food production.
In agriculture , the state stands out in the production of cotton , cocoa , soy and tropical fruits such as coconut , papaya , mango , banana and guarana , in addition to also producing sugar cane , orange , beans and cassava , among others. In , the Northeast Region was the largest producer of coconut in the country, with However, the sector has been suffering strong competition and losing market to Indonesia, the Philippines and India, the world's largest producers, who even export coconut water to Brazil.
A Review of the Geology of the Guyana Shield. Congress South Africa, , in print. Walrond, G. A Metallogenic Scheme for the Guyana Shield.
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Mines Comm. Pessoa Veiga, J. Projeto Sulfetos Uatuma. Horbe M. Coimbra Horbe A. Teixeira J. Anais II Simp. Daoud W. El Koury, and Antonietto A. II Simp. Martin F. Mapa Tectonico Norte de America del Sur. Venezuela, Dir. Geoanaljticos y Tecnol6gicos, Granite Surucucu.
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Anais 10? Issler, R. Santos, D. Leal, J. Research 8, , p. Unpublished, c. Vitulich, E. BPMin Internal Information, Isotta C. La Paz Open File Report, Korpershoeck, H. Rodrigues Motta, E. Nota Preliminar sobre. XXXI Cong. Rankin, A. BPMin Int. Report London, Yamamoto, M. Relat6rio Final, Santa Bgrbara, R0, , 14 pp.
Bizinella G. Prazeres W. Projeto Estanho dos Granitos Maloquinha. We interpret the ceramic concentrations on top of the burnt floors as episodes of structured deposition [ 45 ], most likely dedicatory caches for the renewal of House 1 [ 46 — 48 ]. The most obvious case is the cache of large sherds, a small cup, and burnt bark on top of Floor 3 Fig 5c.